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本文采用育苗断根移植的方法研究了大豆植株的生长发育特性。切断主根解除了根的顶端优势,促使侧根大量形成。从分枝到鼓粒期,根容量、根干重均比对照高,到结荚期达到高峰,断根移植后增加了根瘤数量,特别是中小根瘤比对照增加明显,并提高了根瘤固氮活性,固氮量比对照增加3.6—5.5(mg/株·天),改进了大豆氮素供应状况。断根移植后还增加了叶绿素的含量,光合速率高,植株生长繁茂,表现单株鲜重、单株叶面积均比对照高。从产量构成因素看,断根移植后株高变矮,分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重均比对照明显增加,大豆产量可提高15％以上。
In this paper, seedlings were cut off the roots of the method of growth and development of soybean plants. Cut off the root of the root lift the root of superiority, prompting a large number of lateral root formation. From branching to druming stage, root volume and root dry weight were higher than those of the control, reaching the peak at the podding stage, increasing the number of nodules after root-cutting transplantation, especially small and medium-sized nodules increased significantly than that of the control and increased nitrogen fixation activity of nodules, Nitrogen fixation increased by 3.6-5.5 (mg / day) compared with the control, improving soybean nitrogen supply. After root-cutting, chlorophyll content was also increased, photosynthetic rate was high, and the plants grew and flourished. The fresh weight per plant was observed. The leaf area per plant was higher than that of the control. From the perspective of yield components, the plant height became shorter, the number of branches, the number of pods per plant, the number of grains per plant and the weight of 100 seeds increased significantly compared with the control, and the yield of soybean could be increased by 15% or more.