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目的分析广州市产科医疗资源现状及公平性,为改进产科医疗资源配置提供依据。方法采用《广州市产科医院现状调查表》调查广州市产科医院2010、2014年资源配置及工作量,采用洛伦兹曲线(Lorerlz curve)和基尼系数(Gini coefficient)分析产科资源配置公平性。结果广州市产科服务需求年均增长率为6.22%,2010、2014年广州市产科医疗资源按活产数分布的基尼系数在0.08~0.14之间,2014年较2010年降低,均处于高度平均状态;2010、2014年按地理面积分布的基尼系数在0.47~0.64之间,2014年较2010年升高,均处于资源分配差距较大状态;2014年广州市产科医疗资源按医院监护类别分布的基尼系数在0.17~0.23之间,处于比较平均状态。结论广州市产科资源按活产数和医院监护类别分布的公平性优于按地理分布公平性,相对于服务需求增长产科资源跟进不足,优质产科资源紧张,应重视资源配置地域的公平性并有效引导服务对象就诊,进一步优化产科资源配置和利用。
Objective To analyze the current status and fairness of obstetric medical resources in Guangzhou and provide the basis for improving the allocation of obstetric medical resources. Methods The Guangzhou Municipal Maternity Hospital Questionnaire was used to investigate the resource allocation and workload of Guangzhou Maternity Hospital in 2010 and 2014. The fairness of maternity resource allocation was analyzed by Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient. Results The average annual growth rate of obstetric services in Guangzhou was 6.22%. The Gini coefficient of obstetrics and gynecology resources in Guangzhou in 2010 and 2014 was between 0.08 and 0.14 according to the number of live births, decreasing from 2014 to 2010, In 2010 and 2014, the Gini coefficient distributed by geographic area ranged from 0.47 to 0.64 and increased from 2014 to 2010, all of which were in a large gap in resource allocation. In 2014, the Gini coefficient of obstetric medical resources in Guangzhou according to the hospital guardianship category The coefficient is between 0.17 and 0.23, in a relatively average condition. Conclusions The fairness of obstetric resources in Guangzhou according to the distribution of live births and hospital care is better than that of geography. Compared with the growth of service demand, lack of follow-up of obstetric resources and high quality obstetric resources, the fairness of resource allocation should be emphasized Effectively guide the service clients to see, to further optimize the allocation and utilization of obstetric resources.