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目的了解艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者对肺结核病防治知识的认知情况,分析其影响因素。方法采用自行设计问卷和便利抽样法,对100例在北京佑安医院随访的HIV感染者进行调查,并采用Epi Data 3.1完成数据的录入汇总工作,用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行数据分析。结果肺结核病防治知识认知总体得分为(13.67±4.96)分。较差(≤14分)42例;一般(>14分,≤20分)53例;较好(>20分)5例。其中三个维度认知得分最低的条目是:认为CD4+T淋巴细胞计数多少容易感染肺结核病,得(0.03±0.17)分;只要使用肺结核患者接触过的用物就会被传染上肺结核病,得(0.22±0.42)分;是否认为只有出现咳嗽咳痰症状才有可能感染了肺结核病,得(0.29±0.46)分。影响因素分析:人口流动情况、是否主动了解肺结核病防治知识,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论医务人员可根据不同原因有针对性的加强宣教,以增强HIV感染者对肺结核病防治知识的认识,提高防护意识,降低感染的可能。
Objective To understand the cognition of HIV infection prevention and control knowledge of tuberculosis patients and analyze its influencing factors. Methods 100 cases of HIV-infected persons who were followed up in Beijing You’an Hospital were surveyed by self-designed questionnaire and convenience sampling method. Epi Data 3.1 was used to complete the data entry and summary, and SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data. Results The overall cognitive score of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge was (13.67 ± 4.96) points. 42 cases were poor (≤14 points); 53 cases were (> 14 points, ≤20 points); 5 cases were better (> 20 points). Among the three dimensions, the lowest cognitive score was: (3) the number of CD4 + T lymphocyte count was likely to be susceptible to pulmonary tuberculosis (0.03 ± 0.17); any contact with tuberculosis patients would be transmitted to tuberculosis, (0.22 ± 0.42) points; whether it is possible to have pulmonary tuberculosis (0.29 ± 0.46) points only when cough and phlegm symptoms occur. Analysis of influencing factors: population mobility, whether to take the initiative to understand the knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and treatment, the difference was statistically significant (P all <0.01). Conclusion Medical staff can strengthen the mission-oriented education according to different reasons, so as to enhance the awareness of HIV-infected people on tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge, raise the awareness of prevention and reduce the possibility of infection.