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综述了超微粒子的制备方法 ,并分析了其发展趋势 .超微粒子的制备方法大致可分为 3种 :物理法 ,化学法和辐射法 .介绍了物理法中的蒸发冷凝法、物理粉碎法和机械合金法 ;化学法中的化学气相沉积法、化学沉淀法、水热合成法、溶胶凝胶法、溶剂蒸发法、微乳液法、电化学法、超临界流体法、高分子保护法和生物化学法 .提出了寻求制备高纯度、颗粒均匀及具有精确粒径超微粒子的方法是今后发展趋势
The preparation methods of ultrafine particles are reviewed and their development trends are analyzed.The preparation methods of ultrafine particles can be divided into three kinds: physical method, chemical method and radiation method.The methods of evaporation condensation, physical pulverization, Mechanical alloying method, chemical vapor deposition method, chemical precipitation method, hydrothermal synthesis method, sol-gel method, solvent evaporation method, microemulsion method, electrochemical method, supercritical fluid method, polymer protection method and biological Chemical method.It is proposed that the method of seeking high purity, uniform particle size and precise particle size ultrafine particles is the future development trend