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目的调查和了解武汉市居民区、特殊行业及农村自然村3种生境中鼠类种群动态及多样性特征,为病媒生物防制工作提供理论基础。方法 2006-2014年应用夹夜法定期对武汉市居民区、特殊行业及农村自然村3种生境中鼠类进行监测取样,所获数据运用统计学方法进行分析。结果 2006-2014年共捕获鼠类967只,隶属1科2属4种。其中个体数量以褐家鼠最多,占39.7%,黄胸鼠次之,占37.6%。农村自然村和特殊行业的鼠类密度季节消长规律较明显,主要高峰期出现在每年的3月和9月。农村自然村鼠类物种丰富度指数高于居民区和特殊行业,多样性指数农村自然村最高(0.993 0),特殊行业(0.684 5)次之,居民区最低(0.645 5);3种生境鼠类群落的相似性指数较高,相互为中等相似或以上。结论农村自然村的鼠类物种丰富度及多样性指数高于居民区和特殊行业,3种生境之间相似性较高。
Objective To investigate and understand the dynamics and diversity of rodent population in three habitats of residential, special industries and rural villages in Wuhan, and provide a theoretical basis for vector control. METHODS: The nighttime method was used to regularly monitor the rodents in three habitats in residential areas, special industries and rural villages in Wuhan from 2006 to 2014. The data obtained were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 967 murine catches were collected from 2006 to 2014, belonging to 4 species, 2 genera, 1 family. The number of individuals to Rattus norvegicus most, accounting for 39.7%, followed by Rattus flavipectus, accounting for 37.6%. The seasonality of rodent density in rural natural villages and special industries is obvious, with the main peak occurring in March and September each year. The rodent species richness index in rural natural villages was higher than that in residential areas and special industries. The diversity index was the highest in rural villages (0.993 0), the special industries (0.684 5) and the lowest in residential areas (0.645 5) The similarity index is high, similar to each other or above. Conclusion The species richness and diversity index of rodents in rural villages are higher than those in residential areas and special industries, and the similarities among the three habitats are high.