目的　分析广西壮族自治区嗜人按蚊分布区 1998～ 2 0 0 3年疟疾监测结果和流行特征 ,评价监测措施 ,为嗜人按蚊分布区疟疾防治后期疟疾监测提供科学依据。　方法　收集 1998～ 2 0 0 3年广西嗜人按蚊分布区 15个县当地居民发热病人、流动人口发热病人、病灶点居民以及重点人群荧光抗体监测资料进行回顾性研究。　结果　 6年间 15个县年血检率在 0 2 8%～ 10 8% ,当地居民发热病人、病灶点居民血检阳性率均为 0 0 4% ,流动人口发热病人血检阳性率为 0 86% ,本地感染病例和输入的病例分别占总病例的 5 5 0 9% (4 87/ 884)和 44 91% (3 97/ 884) ,相对集中分布在环江县移民安置点和南丹、三江、融水、上思 5个县。外出感染回归病例占 2 8 85 % ,外来病例占 16 0 6% ;重点人群I FAT抗体阳性率为 0 13 %。　结论　广西当前嗜人按蚊分布区疟疾发病率虽控制在 1/万以下 ,但环江、南丹、三江、融水和上思 5个县的疟疾发病较多 ,以本地病例为主 ;其余 10市县则以输入感染病例为主 ,疟疾疫情相对稳定。 Objective To analyze the malaria surveillance results and epidemiological characteristics of Anopheles anthropophagus in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 1998 to 2003 and evaluate the monitoring measures to provide a scientific basis for the surveillance of malaria in the latter part of An. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the surveillance data of fever patients, migratory febrile patients, focal point residents and key population fluorescent antibody in 15 counties of Guangxi An. Anopheles from 1998 to 2003. Results The blood sampling rate was 0 28% -108% in 15 counties in 6 years. The positive rates of blood tests in residents and focal sites of residents were 0 0 4% and 0 86 % Respectively. The number of locally infected cases and imported cases accounted for 55.9% (4 87/884) and 44 91% (3 97/884) of the total cases respectively, with relatively concentrated distribution in resettlement sites of Huanjiang County and Nandan, Sanjiang, melt water, think of 5 counties. The number of out-of-infection cases returned was 2 85.5% and that of foreign patients was 16 06%. The prevalence of I FAT antibody in the key population was 0 13%. Conclusions Although the incidence of malaria in an anopheles anthropoid population in Guangxi is controlled below 1 / 10,000, the incidence of malaria in the five counties of Huanjiang, Nandan, Sanjiang, Rongshui and Shangsi is more frequent, with the most local cases; the rest 10 cities and counties are mainly imported cases of infection, malaria epidemic is relatively stable.