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清真产品是一种比较特殊的产品,其可能存在的缺陷不仅包括一般产品责任中的缺陷之外还包括使宗教信仰自由和民族风俗习惯受到侵害的缺陷。宗教信仰自由和民族风俗习惯为非财产权、在清真产品责任中受到的损失也非身份权。因此,清真产品责任中不可忽视的一项人格权——宗教信仰自由和民族风俗习惯也应当得到保护。判断清真产品存在缺陷的标准除了一般产品的法定标准之外还应当采用古兰经和民俗习惯之规定。由于清真产品销售关系中存在信息不对称,为了保护清真产品责任中人格权,侵害人格权的因果关系应当举证责任倒置。
Halal products are a kind of special products, and their possible defects include not only the defects in the general product liability but also the defects of the freedom of religious belief and the violation of ethnic customs and habits. Religious freedom and ethnic customs and customs are non-property rights, and losses suffered in the halal product liability are also non-identification rights. Therefore, a personality right that can not be ignored in the responsibility of halal products - freedom of religious belief and ethnic customs and customs should also be protected. The criteria for judging the flaws in halal products should adopt the Qur’an and folk customs in addition to the statutory standards for general products. Due to the asymmetric information in the sales relations of halal products, in order to protect the personality rights in the halal product liability, the causal relationship between infringement of personality right should be reversed.