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当今世界经济全球化在不断加剧,其中一个主要特点就是资本在国际间流动,包括直接投资、间接投资、国际信贷、暂时性的股票和债券买卖等。自从工业革命以来,世界上发生了三次大规模的资本流动浪潮。第三次浪潮中(1990—2007),国际资本流动由两大潮流构成,一是中国和日本以及欧洲各国对美国债券投资资金,二是美国进行股票投资而提供给各国的资金。
One of the main features of the current world economic globalization is that capital flows internationally, including direct investment, indirect investment, international credit, and temporary stock and bond trading. Since the Industrial Revolution, three waves of large-scale capital flows have taken place in the world. In the third wave (1990-2007), international capital flows consist of two major trends. One is the funds invested by the United States, China, Japan and the European countries on the U.S. bonds. The second is the funds provided by the United States to all countries for stock investment.