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随着采用不同投资模式或融资方式的输电线路建设和投产,输电交易模式趋于复杂化。单一的电量输电定价机制无法适应不断发展的投资和市场运营环境以及输电投资回收的需要,两部制电价机制在原理上则更为适宜。在此背景下,对一部制电量输电定价和两部制输电定价进行了定量分析。首先简要介绍了一部制电量输电价格和两部制输电价格的特点及测算原理,然后对2种价格机制下输电公司的年收入及其波动情况进行了定量分析和比较,并给出了输电收入差值比、收入平均波动率等指标。然后,对两部制电价中输电公司年收入随容量费用分摊比例的变化情况进行了讨论。最后,对南方电网“西电东送”的实际案例进行了分析说明。研究结果表明,采用单一电量电价机制有利于在丰水年偏多时加快输电投资成本回收,而采用两部制电价机制则能够缓解未来枯水年偏多时收入不足的风险。
With the construction and commissioning of transmission lines adopting different modes of investment or financing, the mode of transmission trade has become more complicated. A single electricity transmission pricing mechanism can not meet the evolving investment and market operating environment and the need for investment in transmission investment. The two-part tariff mechanism is more appropriate in principle. In this context, a quantitative analysis of the electricity transmission pricing and the two-part transmission pricing is made. First of all, it briefly introduces the characteristics and calculation principle of a power transmission price and two-part transmission price, then quantitatively analyzes and compares the annual income and its fluctuation of the transmission company under the two pricing mechanisms and gives the power transmission Income ratio, the average income volatility and other indicators. Then, the changes of the annual income of the transmission companies in the two-part system with the share of the cost-sharing ratio are discussed. Finally, the actual case of China Southern Power Grid “West to East ” was analyzed and explained. The results show that using a single electricity tariff mechanism is conducive to speeding up the recovery of transmission investment costs when the abundant wet years are long, while adopting the two-part tariff mechanism can alleviate the risk of insufficient income in the future when the dry years are too long.