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牛津初中英语9A Unit4的语法课,涉及了四个语法内容,看起来比较松散,本文将结合近年来的全国中考真题为同学们学习时间介词和时间连词的用法进行点拨。
一、 时间介词短语“between...and...”和“from... to...”
我们常用“between... and...”和“from... to...”这两个介词短语来具体说明一段时间,它们都可以在句中用作状语。
1. between...and...意为“在……和……之间”,可以连接两个表示时间的词或短语,也能用来连接两个人、物或地点等。如:
I will come between twelve and one o’clock.我将在十二点至一点之间到。
Between the bookshop and the hospital is our school.我们学校就在书店和医院之间。
【真题回放】John is standing_____Gina and Jim. (2011•四川宜宾)
A. at B. during
C. between D. in
【思路点拨】选C。句中between... and...表示John所处的位置在Gina和Jim两人之间。
注意:表示位置时,between用于表示双方关系;“在三者或三者以上之间”要用among。
【真题回放】Wushu is becoming more and more popular_____foreigners.(2011•上海)
A. among B. for
C. in D. to
【思路点拨】选A。句意:武术在外国人之中正在变得越来越受欢迎。among指“在……当中”。
2. from... to...指“从……到……”,连接两个表示时间的词或短语时,强调时间的起讫。它也可表示距离。如:
The meeting lasted from 3:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m.yesterday. 昨天会议从下午3:30一直持续到6:30。
My family has already moved from a house to a building. 我家已经从平房搬到了楼房。
【真题回放】— Excuse me. Is the library open all day?
— . Only from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.(2011•兰州)
A. Yes, of course
B. That’s right
C. Sorry, I’m not sure
D. Sorry, I’m afraid not
【思路点拨】选D。由后句“只是从上午8点到下午4点”,前句意为“对不起,我恐怕不是的”。
注意:from...to...强调时间延续了多久,between...and...强调在这段时间内发生了什么事情。两者通常可以相互转换。如:
The summer vocation is from July to August in China. = The summer vocation is between July and August in China. 在中国暑假从7月到9月。
二、 表时间顺序的before, after和until
before, after和until都能够表明时间的顺序,用它们来引导一个时间状语从句时,既可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后。如果从句放在主句之前,一般要用逗号把它与主句隔开。
1. before意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。如:
Please close the door before you leave the room. 在你离开房间前请把门关上。
Before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.在驾驶公共汽车之前, 他们必须通过专门测验。
【真题回放】You can’t watch TV_____you finish your homework. (2011•内蒙古包头)
A. before B. if
C. while D. as
【思路点拨】选A。句意:你不能看电视在你完成作业 。根据语可知此空应为before。
注意:before和ago都能放在表示一段时间的词语的后面,表示“……之前”。before表示过去不确定的某个时间,与完成时连用;ago指从说话时刻算起的若干时间以前,常用于一般过去时。如:
He bought the computer two years ago. 两年前他买这台电脑的。
Have you been to Hainan before?你以前去过海南吗?
【真题回放】The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she_____before. (2010•江苏无锡)
A. didn’t fly
B. hasn’t flown
C. hadn’t flown
D. wasn’t flying
【思路点拨】选C。前句是一般过去时,意为“飞机上坐在我旁边的女孩很紧张”,因为她以前没有坐过(飞机),则应该用过去完成时连用。
2. after表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后,意为“在……之后”。它引导的时间状语从句可换成介词短语或分词短语。如:
He went to school after he had breakfast.
= He went to school after(having) breakfast. 吃了早饭之后,他就去上学了。
【真题回放】My parents usually take a walk_____dinner to keep healthy.(2011•浙江舟山)
A. at B. of
C. during D. after
【思路点拨】选D。考查介词的用法。after dinner意为“饭后”,符合句意:我父母亲通常在饭后散步来保持健康。
注意:after与in后接一段时间都能表示“在……之后”。after 表示以过去时间为起点的一段时间以后,常用一般过去时;而in 则表示以现在为起点的一段时间以后,多用于一般将来时。如:
I will come back in a few minutes. 过几分钟我就回来。
He came back after a few minutes.几分钟后他就回来了。
3. until和till引导的时间状语从句,两者通常可以互换,但强调句型中多用until。表示“到……时;直到……为止”。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句要用否定形式,即“not...until...”意为“直到……才……”。如:
Let’s wait until/till the rain stops. 咱们等雨停吧。
He didn’t go to bed until/till his father came back. 直到他父亲回来他才上床睡觉。
【真题回放】Some people won’t realize the importance of their health_____they have lost it. (2011•江苏宿迁)
A. after B. when
C. until D. as
【思路点拨】选C。句意:有些人不会意识到身体健康的重要性,直到他们已失去健康。not和until构成固定短语,意为“直到……才……”,符合句意。
注意:通常情况下,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
【真题回放】—Mom, shall we have supper now?
—Oh, we won’t have supper_____your dad comes back.(2011•山东泰安)
A. until B. since
C. while D. after
【思路点拨】选A。考查连词的用法。until用于否定句中,表示句子的动作直到until短语所表示的时间才开始发生,即表示动作的起点。While跟连续性的动词;since连接的句子主句一般用现在完成时,从句用过去时。
【牛刀小试】
I. 单项选择
1. I_____believe it_____I see it with my own eyes. (2011•四川雅安)
A. won’t; and
B. will; but
C. will; until
D. won’t; until
2. Don’t forget to wash your hands_____you have meals. (2011•山东临沂)
A. before B. until
C. though D. unless
3. If you try to sit on two chairs,you will fall_____them. For life, you must choose one chair.(2010•河南)
A. between B. under
C. among D. into
4. It is impolite to leave_____the meeting finishes. (2011•山东东营)
A. after B. before
C. until D. while
5. This school is different_____others. It has many out-of-class activities.(2011•河北)
A. off B. from
C. of D. for
6. I hear our teacher will be back_____three weeks’ time. (2011•安徽)
A. at B. in
C. for D. after
7. —Peter, can you tell me the differences_____the four words?
—Sorry, I don’t know. (2011•福建晋江)
A. between B. among
C. for
8. I won’t believe that the five-year-old boy can read magazines_____I test him myself.(2011•广东)
A. if B. when
C. after D. until
II. 根据汉语提示,完成句子
1. 请在进入大厅之前出示门票。
Please_____your tickets_____you enter the hall.
2. 直到那堂课结束,我才发现这个问题的答案。
I_____find the answer to the question
_____the end of that class.
3. 请告诉他在八点到九点之间给我打电话。
Please tell him to call me_____8_____9.
4. 下课后你必须到老师办公室去一趟。
You must go to the teacher’s office.
5. 我们的暑假是从七月到八月。
Our summer holiday is_____July_____August.
Keys: I. 1. D2. A3. A4. B5. B6. B?摇7. B8. D
II. 1. show, before2. didn’t, until
3. between, and4. after class5. from, to
一、 时间介词短语“between...and...”和“from... to...”
我们常用“between... and...”和“from... to...”这两个介词短语来具体说明一段时间,它们都可以在句中用作状语。
1. between...and...意为“在……和……之间”,可以连接两个表示时间的词或短语,也能用来连接两个人、物或地点等。如:
I will come between twelve and one o’clock.我将在十二点至一点之间到。
Between the bookshop and the hospital is our school.我们学校就在书店和医院之间。
【真题回放】John is standing_____Gina and Jim. (2011•四川宜宾)
A. at B. during
C. between D. in
【思路点拨】选C。句中between... and...表示John所处的位置在Gina和Jim两人之间。
注意:表示位置时,between用于表示双方关系;“在三者或三者以上之间”要用among。
【真题回放】Wushu is becoming more and more popular_____foreigners.(2011•上海)
A. among B. for
C. in D. to
【思路点拨】选A。句意:武术在外国人之中正在变得越来越受欢迎。among指“在……当中”。
2. from... to...指“从……到……”,连接两个表示时间的词或短语时,强调时间的起讫。它也可表示距离。如:
The meeting lasted from 3:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m.yesterday. 昨天会议从下午3:30一直持续到6:30。
My family has already moved from a house to a building. 我家已经从平房搬到了楼房。
【真题回放】— Excuse me. Is the library open all day?
— . Only from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.(2011•兰州)
A. Yes, of course
B. That’s right
C. Sorry, I’m not sure
D. Sorry, I’m afraid not
【思路点拨】选D。由后句“只是从上午8点到下午4点”,前句意为“对不起,我恐怕不是的”。
注意:from...to...强调时间延续了多久,between...and...强调在这段时间内发生了什么事情。两者通常可以相互转换。如:
The summer vocation is from July to August in China. = The summer vocation is between July and August in China. 在中国暑假从7月到9月。
二、 表时间顺序的before, after和until
before, after和until都能够表明时间的顺序,用它们来引导一个时间状语从句时,既可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后。如果从句放在主句之前,一般要用逗号把它与主句隔开。
1. before意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。如:
Please close the door before you leave the room. 在你离开房间前请把门关上。
Before they drive any of the buses, they will have to pass a special test.在驾驶公共汽车之前, 他们必须通过专门测验。
【真题回放】You can’t watch TV_____you finish your homework. (2011•内蒙古包头)
A. before B. if
C. while D. as
【思路点拨】选A。句意:你不能看电视在你完成作业 。根据语可知此空应为before。
注意:before和ago都能放在表示一段时间的词语的后面,表示“……之前”。before表示过去不确定的某个时间,与完成时连用;ago指从说话时刻算起的若干时间以前,常用于一般过去时。如:
He bought the computer two years ago. 两年前他买这台电脑的。
Have you been to Hainan before?你以前去过海南吗?
【真题回放】The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she_____before. (2010•江苏无锡)
A. didn’t fly
B. hasn’t flown
C. hadn’t flown
D. wasn’t flying
【思路点拨】选C。前句是一般过去时,意为“飞机上坐在我旁边的女孩很紧张”,因为她以前没有坐过(飞机),则应该用过去完成时连用。
2. after表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后,意为“在……之后”。它引导的时间状语从句可换成介词短语或分词短语。如:
He went to school after he had breakfast.
= He went to school after(having) breakfast. 吃了早饭之后,他就去上学了。
【真题回放】My parents usually take a walk_____dinner to keep healthy.(2011•浙江舟山)
A. at B. of
C. during D. after
【思路点拨】选D。考查介词的用法。after dinner意为“饭后”,符合句意:我父母亲通常在饭后散步来保持健康。
注意:after与in后接一段时间都能表示“在……之后”。after 表示以过去时间为起点的一段时间以后,常用一般过去时;而in 则表示以现在为起点的一段时间以后,多用于一般将来时。如:
I will come back in a few minutes. 过几分钟我就回来。
He came back after a few minutes.几分钟后他就回来了。
3. until和till引导的时间状语从句,两者通常可以互换,但强调句型中多用until。表示“到……时;直到……为止”。当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句要用否定形式,即“not...until...”意为“直到……才……”。如:
Let’s wait until/till the rain stops. 咱们等雨停吧。
He didn’t go to bed until/till his father came back. 直到他父亲回来他才上床睡觉。
【真题回放】Some people won’t realize the importance of their health_____they have lost it. (2011•江苏宿迁)
A. after B. when
C. until D. as
【思路点拨】选C。句意:有些人不会意识到身体健康的重要性,直到他们已失去健康。not和until构成固定短语,意为“直到……才……”,符合句意。
注意:通常情况下,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
【真题回放】—Mom, shall we have supper now?
—Oh, we won’t have supper_____your dad comes back.(2011•山东泰安)
A. until B. since
C. while D. after
【思路点拨】选A。考查连词的用法。until用于否定句中,表示句子的动作直到until短语所表示的时间才开始发生,即表示动作的起点。While跟连续性的动词;since连接的句子主句一般用现在完成时,从句用过去时。
【牛刀小试】
I. 单项选择
1. I_____believe it_____I see it with my own eyes. (2011•四川雅安)
A. won’t; and
B. will; but
C. will; until
D. won’t; until
2. Don’t forget to wash your hands_____you have meals. (2011•山东临沂)
A. before B. until
C. though D. unless
3. If you try to sit on two chairs,you will fall_____them. For life, you must choose one chair.(2010•河南)
A. between B. under
C. among D. into
4. It is impolite to leave_____the meeting finishes. (2011•山东东营)
A. after B. before
C. until D. while
5. This school is different_____others. It has many out-of-class activities.(2011•河北)
A. off B. from
C. of D. for
6. I hear our teacher will be back_____three weeks’ time. (2011•安徽)
A. at B. in
C. for D. after
7. —Peter, can you tell me the differences_____the four words?
—Sorry, I don’t know. (2011•福建晋江)
A. between B. among
C. for
8. I won’t believe that the five-year-old boy can read magazines_____I test him myself.(2011•广东)
A. if B. when
C. after D. until
II. 根据汉语提示,完成句子
1. 请在进入大厅之前出示门票。
Please_____your tickets_____you enter the hall.
2. 直到那堂课结束,我才发现这个问题的答案。
I_____find the answer to the question
_____the end of that class.
3. 请告诉他在八点到九点之间给我打电话。
Please tell him to call me_____8_____9.
4. 下课后你必须到老师办公室去一趟。
You must go to the teacher’s office.
5. 我们的暑假是从七月到八月。
Our summer holiday is_____July_____August.
Keys: I. 1. D2. A3. A4. B5. B6. B?摇7. B8. D
II. 1. show, before2. didn’t, until
3. between, and4. after class5. from, to