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胶质瘢痕是神经系统损伤后由反应性星形胶质细胞,小胶质细胞及其分泌的细胞外基质组成。早期的研究多集中于胶质瘢痕在抑制轴突生长,神经细胞再生等方面的作用。而最新的研究表明胶质瘢痕的形成对损伤急性期神经细胞具有重要的保护作用。本文从瘢痕组织在损伤缝合和组织重构、局部免疫调节、神经再生等方面对神经损伤的保护作用进行综述。
Glial scar is a nervous system injury by reactive astrocytes, microglia and their secretion of extracellular matrix composition. Early studies focused more on the role of glial scar in inhibiting axonal growth and nerve cell regeneration. The latest research shows that the formation of glial scar damage acute nerve cells have an important protective effect. This review summarizes the protective effects of scar tissue on nerve injury in terms of injury and suture, tissue remodeling, local immune regulation and nerve regeneration.