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阿尔都塞认为,“思维”与“现实”在马克思主义认识论中是彼此完全分裂的。为证明之,他从马克思思想中挑选了两个例证:一是“逻辑顺序”和“时间顺序”不一致;二是科学认识的起点不是“感性具体”而是“思维抽象”。但在第一个例证中,他的论点和论据所涉及的是处于不同层面具有不同性质的问题;而在第二个例证中,他并没能把握住“思维抽象”的科学内涵。本文从“现象”遮蔽“本质”的角度说明“逻辑顺序”和“时间顺序”的不一致,从“形式规定”、“物质规定”和“本质规定”三位一体的角度理解经济范畴,从“共性”与“个性”、“本质”与“现象”辩证统一的角度把握“思维抽象”与“思维具体”的关系。
Althusser believes that “thinking” and “reality” are completely separated from each other in Marxist epistemology. To prove it, he chose two examples from Marx’s thought: one is inconsistency between “logical order ” and “time sequence ”; second, the starting point of scientific understanding is not “emotional specific ” but “thinking abstract”. However, in the first case, his arguments and arguments involve issues of a different nature at different levels; in the second case, he fails to grasp the scientific connotation of “thinking abstraction.” This paper illustrates the inconsistencies between the “logical order” and the “temporal order” from the perspective of “phenomenon ” obscuring “essence ” from the perspective of “form regulation ”, “substance regulation ” and essence It is necessary to understand the economic category from the perspective of the Trinity and to grasp the thinking abstraction between the commonality and the personality, the essence and the phenomenon. "Relationship.