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目的了解上海市黄浦区蚊虫种群、密度及其季节消长规律,为制定蚊虫防制措施提供科学依据。方法选取辖区内5个具有代表性的室内生态环境作为监测点,采用人工小时法,每年3—11月,按照每月3次的频率分别在上、中、下旬用电动吸蚊器各监测1次,每次每个点15 min。结果 2008—2015年共捕获蚊虫成虫677只,平均蚊虫密度为2.6只/(人·h),我区优势蚊种为淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊。2008—2015年上海市黄浦区蚊密度每年的消长呈单峰型曲线,高峰值出现在2012—2014年。不同生态环境蚊虫密度由高到低依次为居民住宅区、公园、机关、学校宿舍。2008—2015年蚊虫密度逐月分析显示,蚊类在每年6—7月和9—10月有2个峰值出现。结论黄浦区优势蚊种主要为淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊,每年6—7月和9—10月是蚊类出现的高峰时间。建议加强蚊虫高峰季节前的控制,加强对蚊虫及其传播疾病的长期监测、预警、控制对策和措施的研究。
Objective To understand the mosquito population, density and seasonal fluctuation in Huangpu District of Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of mosquito control measures. Methods Five representative indoor ecological environments in the area were selected as monitoring points. The artificial hourly method was used. From January to November each year, electric mosquitoes were monitored at the first, the second and the third days respectively according to the frequency of 3 times a month Times, each time every point 15 min. Results A total of 677 adult mosquitoes were collected from 2008 to 2015, with an average mosquito density of 2.6 / (person · h). The dominant mosquito species in our region were Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus. From 2008 to 2015, the mosquito density of Huangpu District in Shanghai showed a unimodal curve and the peak value appeared in 2012-2014. The density of mosquitoes in different ecological environment from high to low were residential areas, parks, offices and school dormitories. Monthly mosquito population densities from 2008 to 2015 showed that mosquitoes showed 2 peaks in June-July and September-October each year. Conclusion The dominant mosquito species in Huangpu District are mainly Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus. The peak time of mosquitoes occurred in June-July and September-October each year. It is suggested to strengthen control before the peak season of mosquitoes and strengthen the research on long-term monitoring, early warning, control measures and measures for mosquito and its transmitted diseases.