宦官专权是中国古代常见的现象,尤以东汉、唐、明三代为祸最巨。一般来讲,宦官专权现象的形成有一个非常关键的因素,即皇权是否受到的来自外朝文官集团(包括带兵武将)的威胁。当皇帝感觉到来自文官、武将的威胁变大时,他们就有可能提拔宦官,让他们去制约外朝群臣。而中国历史上的北宋却是一个未曾出现宦官专权的王朝,因 Eunuchs authority is a common phenomenon in ancient China, especially the Eastern Han, Tang and Ming dynasties, the greatest disaster. In general, there is a very crucial factor in the formation of the phenomenon of eunuchs’ privilege, namely, whether the imperial power is threatened by civilian groups (including military commanders) who are in charge of foreign affairs. When the emperor feels the threat from civilians and generals becomes greater, they may promote the eunuchs and allow them to restrict the foreign ministers. However, the Northern Song Dynasty in Chinese history was a dynasty that never had eunuchs because of it