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目的了解云南省农药中毒危害现状,为农药中毒预防控制提供依据。方法调查整理云南省2007—2013年14个州市报告的农药中毒报告卡3 364张,分析病例特征。结果 2007—2013年云南省累计报告农药中毒病例3 364例,非生产性农药中毒2 962例,死亡247例,占95.73%;中毒病例15~54岁年龄段最多,占78.42%,死亡率为64.73%,病死率为6.33%;≥60岁老年人病例占11.12%;女性占52.02%;中毒病例集中在第二、三季度,占77.11%;非生产性农药中毒病例中,杀虫剂中毒2 090例,占70.56%,其中以有机磷类为主,病例为1 506例,占44.77%。结论当前云南省农药中毒以非生产性农药中毒为主,是危害云南省农村居民健康的公共卫生问题和社会问题,农药中毒防治工作重点应放在青壮年人群;政府应采取干预措施,制定有效的控制对策。
Objective To understand the status quo of pesticide poisoning in Yunnan Province and provide evidence for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning. Methods A total of 3 364 report cards of pesticide poisoning reported by 14 prefectures and cities in Yunnan Province from 2007 to 2013 were collected and analyzed for case characteristics. Results A total of 3 364 cases of pesticide poisoning, 2 962 cases of unproductive pesticide poisoning were reported in Yunnan Province in 2007-2013, accounting for 95.73% of the total, 247 cases of which were poisoned. The most serious cases were poisoning cases, accounting for 78.42% 64.73%, and the case fatality rate was 6.33%. The cases of ≥60-year-olds accounted for 11.12% and the women accounted for 52.02%. The cases of poisoning were concentrated in the second and third quarters, accounting for 77.11%. Among the unproductive pesticide poisoning cases, 2 090 cases, accounting for 70.56%, of which organophosphorus was the main case, with 1 506 cases (44.77%). Conclusions At present, pesticide poisoning in Yunnan Province is dominated by unproductive pesticide poisoning, which is a public health and social problem that endangers the health of rural residents in Yunnan Province. The focus of prevention and control of pesticide poisoning should be placed on young and middle-aged people. The government should adopt interventions to make effective Control measures.