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目的了解山东省蝇类的密度、种群分布、生态习性及季节消长等变化规律,更好地控制蝇类的孳生与繁殖,为蝇类防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用笼诱法,以糖-食醋-水混合作为诱饵,4-11月调查蝇类密度和种群。结果 2011-2013年山东省共捕成蝇15 424只,其中家蝇、丝光绿蝇和大头金蝇为优势种,分别占33.85%、17.78%和10.73%;捕获蝇类的总平均密度为10.2只/(笼·d),其中:2011年密度最高为11.12只/笼,其次是2013年为11.03只/笼,2012年密度最低为8.59只/笼;蝇类总体的季节消长情况呈单峰型曲线,蝇密度高峰期在6-9月,最高峰出现在7月份;不同生态环境中蝇类密度最高的为农贸市场(14.1只/笼),其次是绿化带(10.98只/笼)、居民区(9.08只/笼),最低的为餐饮外环境(8.28只/笼)。结论山东省的蝇类在不同季节、不同生境蝇类密度及种群构成均有所不同,气温、孳生环境和防治措施为主要影响因素。在蝇类繁殖高峰前及早开展以环境治理为主、化学防治为辅的综合防治措施,有效降低蝇密度,为采取综合防制措施提供科学依据,以达到控制传染病发生与流行的目的。
Objective To understand the changes of flies density, population distribution, ecological habits and seasonal fluctuation in Shandong Province so as to better control the breeding and breeding of flies and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of flies. Methods Cage induction method was used, with sugar-vinegar-water as bait, and flies density and population were investigated from April to November. Results A total of 15 424 flies were collected from Shandong Province during 2011-2013. Among them, housefly, Lucilia sericata and Dictyophora tartarya were the dominant species, accounting for 33.85%, 17.78% and 10.73% respectively. The total average flies caught were 10.2 Only / (c · d), of which, the highest density in 2011 was 11.12 cages followed by 11.03 cages in 2013 and the lowest density in 2012 was 8.59 cages. The overall seasonal fluctuation of flies was single peak The peak of flies density occurred in June-September and the highest peak occurred in July. The highest flies density was in the farmer’s market (14.1 pcs / cage), followed by the green belt (10.98 pcs / cage) Residential area (9.08 / cage), the lowest for the catering environment (8.28 / cage). Conclusion The flies in Shandong Province in different seasons, flies in different habitats density and population composition are different, temperature, breeding environment and control measures as the main influencing factors. In the flies breeding before the peak early environmental management, chemical control supplemented by a comprehensive prevention and control measures to effectively reduce the density of flies to provide a comprehensive scientific basis for prevention and control measures to achieve the purpose of controlling the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases.