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考古材料和历史文献都说明从公元前3500年开始到公元前21世纪夏王明建立，是中国文明产生的关键时期，我国学术界传统上把这一时或称为“军事民主制时期”．本文认为，“军事民主制”这一概念不能正确反映这一时期的历史事实，学术界新近提出的一些概念也是不准确的．本文提出，国际学术界通行的“酋邦”概念，能够正确地概括这一时期的历史；研究中国的史前酋邦．将有助于加深对文明起源问题的认识．
Archeological materials and historical documents show that the establishment of Xia Wangming from 3500 BC to the 21st century BC is a crucial period for the birth of Chinese civilization. Academia in China traditionally calls this period “the period of military democracy.” This article argues that the concept of “military democracy” can not correctly reflect the historical facts of this period, and some concepts recently proposed by academics are also inaccurate. This paper proposes that the concept of “chiefdom” prevailed in international academic circles can correctly sum up the history of this period and study the prehistoric states of China. It will help to deepen our understanding of the origins of civilization.