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目的∶深入了解吸入ＰＶＣ电缆失火烟雾致肺的急性病理损伤及机理。方法∶以１、３、５、７ｇ不同浓度的ＰＶＣ电缆燃烧烟雾进行大鼠吸入染毒实验。结果∶除１ｇ染毒组未发现明显改变外，其余各组大鼠ＢＡＬＦ的细胞总数、中性白细胞数以及肺巨噬细胞数，于染毒早期有一过性降低，其后持续增高达２周。ＢＡＬＦ中ＬＤＨ、Ｆｎ及ＡＬ增高，磷脂组分改变。病理形态学观察可见肺出血、炎症浸润、间质水肿及肺水肿等改变。７ｇ染毒组尚可见肺泡上皮细胞增生及轻度的纤维化。结论∶ＰＶＣ失火烟雾吸入可致急性呼吸道损伤，表现为刺激性气道炎、肺泡炎及肺水肿，严重时可导致肺纤维化。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the acute pathological injury and its mechanism of pyrotechnic smoke caused by smoke inhalation in PVC. Methods: 1,3,5,7 g different concentrations of PVC cable combustion smoke rat poisoning experiments. Results: The number of BALF cells, neutrophils and the number of pulmonary macrophages in all other groups were transiently decreased except for 1g, and then increased continuously for up to 2 weeks . BALF LDH, Fn and AL increased phospholipid components change. Pathological observation showed pulmonary hemorrhage, inflammatory infiltration, interstitial edema and pulmonary edema and other changes. 7g exposure group still visible alveolar epithelial cell proliferation and mild fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Inhalation of PVC can lead to acute respiratory injury caused by smoke inhalation. It manifests as irritating airway inflammation, alveolitis and pulmonary edema, and may lead to pulmonary fibrosis in severe cases.