目前,为了减少焊件的变形,一般采用加强焊件的刚性和减少焊件应力的两种方法。加强焊件刚性的方法,一般是先装配后焊接,使用支撑或夹具使工件有足够的刚性并通过合理的焊接顺序控制焊件的变形。低碳钢焊件常用这种方法。减少焊件应力的方法,是通过整体预热或局部预热,通常采用的预热温度为300℃左右。减少焊件应力而减少焊件的变形。以上的方法是焊接工艺 At present, in order to reduce the deformation of the weldment, two methods are generally adopted to enhance the rigidity of the weldment and reduce the stress of the weldment. The method of strengthening the rigidity of the weldment is generally to assemble the weld first, to use the support or the fixture to make the workpiece sufficiently rigid and to control the deformation of the weldment through a reasonable sequence of welding. Mild steel welding parts commonly used this method. The method of reducing the stress of the weldment is to preheat the whole body or preheat it locally, and the preheating temperature usually used is about 300 ℃. Reduce the stress of the weldment and reduce the deformation of the weldment. The above method is the welding process