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目的探讨分析高龄胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者的临床护理方法。方法选取2014年10月至2016年3月收住我院的高龄胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者45例为试验组,住院期间给予包括心理护理、体位护理、呼吸系统护理以及腹部并发症护理在内的综合性护理干预。另选取同期患者50例为对照组,住院期间给予常规护理干预。分别在入院时及2周后采用抑郁和焦虑评分量表(SAS和SDS)评估患者心理状态,视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估疼痛程度,并记录住院期间并发症情况。结果试验组入院时SAS和SDS评分分别为(48.5±5.2)分、(47.3±4.7)分;2周后则分别为(31.4±5.6)分、(31.8±5.3)分。而对照组入院时SAS和SDS评分分别为(49.1±4.6)分、(48.1±4.5)分;2周后则分别为(37.5±5.3)分、(36.4±4.5)分。2组患者治疗2周后SAS和SDS评分均较入院时显著改善(P<0.05),但试验组改善更为明显(P<0.05)。试验组VAS评分及住院期间并发症发生率均显著优于对照组(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论综合性护理干预有助于高龄胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者心理状态,减轻疼痛程度,降低并发症发生率。
Objective To investigate the clinical nursing of elderly patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture. Methods Forty-five elderly patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures admitted to our hospital from October 2014 to March 2016 were selected as the experimental group. During the hospitalization period, patients were enrolled in the study, including psychological care, postural care, respiratory care and abdominal complications care Comprehensive Nursing Intervention Another 50 cases of patients with the same period as the control group, regular nursing interventions during hospitalization. The depression and anxiety rating scale (SAS and SDS) were used to evaluate the psychological status of the patients at the time of admission and 2 weeks later. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess the degree of pain. The complications during hospitalization were recorded. Results The scores of SAS and SDS in the experimental group were (48.5 ± 5.2) and (47.3 ± 4.7) at admission, respectively, and (31.4 ± 5.6) and (31.8 ± 5.3) after 2 weeks respectively. In the control group, SAS and SDS scores were (49.1 ± 4.6) and (48.1 ± 4.5) points at admission, respectively, and were (37.5 ± 5.3) and (36.4 ± 4.5) points after 2 weeks. SAS and SDS scores of two groups were significantly improved after admission (P <0.05), but the improvement of the experimental group was more obvious (P <0.05). The VAS score of the experimental group and the incidence of complications during hospitalization were significantly better than the control group (P <0.05), the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The comprehensive nursing intervention is helpful to the psychological status of patients with advanced thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures, relieving the pain and reducing the incidence of complications.