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高温超导技术及小型低温液化装置的应用极大地促进了大冷量低温制冷机的快速发展。斯特林制冷机具有效率高、冷却速率快、制冷温度范围广等特点,并且其技术相对成熟、成本较低,是千瓦级制冷装置的首选机型。本文设计搭建了一台曲柄连杆机构驱动的斯特林制冷机。在充气压力为1.65 MPa时,可在4.8 min内降至液氮温度,并获得了636W的制冷量,其相对卡诺效率约为16.8%。采用Sage软件对该制冷机的工况和关键部件的尺寸进行了优化,为后续制冷性能的提升提供了参考。
The application of high-temperature superconducting technology and small cryogenic liquefaction plant has greatly promoted the rapid development of large-capacity cryogenic refrigerator. Stirling refrigerators with high efficiency, fast cooling rate, a wide range of refrigeration temperature and other characteristics, and its relatively mature technology, low cost, is the first choice of kilowatt-class refrigeration unit. In this paper, a crank-rod-driven Stirling refrigerator is designed and constructed. When the inflation pressure is 1.65 MPa, it can drop to the liquid nitrogen temperature within 4.8 min, and the refrigeration capacity of 636 W is obtained, and the relative Carnot efficiency is about 16.8%. Sage software was used to optimize the condition of the refrigerator and the size of the key components, which provided a reference for improving the refrigeration performance.