本文动态观察缺碘大鼠动物模型甲状腺上皮细胞超微结构的变化, 同时应用现代体视学技术量化形态学指标, 进行统计学分析。电镜下可见缺碘大鼠甲状腺上皮细胞线粒体、内质网扩张, 随着缺碘时间的延长线粒体进一步肿胀, 出现嵴断裂、缺失、空泡变性, 内质网扩张、膜断裂、脱颗粒。体视学测量结果显示, 线粒体的珡V 及-S均显著高于对照组, 而Nv 和S/V 均显著降低, 表明缺碘使线粒体体积增大, 被高度扩张的内质网包围的线粒体数量减少, 其数密度(Nv) 显著降低, 因此线粒体虽有扩张, 但其Vv 、Sv 仍相对降低。甲状腺上皮细胞中内质网珡V、-S、Vv 和Sv 显著高于对照组、S/V 显著降低, 表明缺碘使内质网高度扩张、体积增大; 扩张的内质网形状不规则, 致使其-S明显增大; 单位体积内内质网的数量减少, Nv 明显降低。本文结果提示, 形态学与体视学相结合为组织形态学研究提供了有效可行的方法学基础 This article dynamically observed the iodine-deficient rat thyroid epithelial cell ultrastructure changes in the animal model, while the use of modern stereology to quantify the morphological indicators for statistical analysis. Electron microscope showed iodine-deficient rat thyroid epithelial cells mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum dilatation, with the extension of iodine deficiency, mitochondria further swelling, there crest fracture, degeneration, vacuolar degeneration, endoplasmic reticulum, membrane rupture, degranulation. Stereological measurements showed that the mitochondrial 珡V and -S were significantly higher than the control group, while Nv and S / V were significantly reduced, indicating that lack of iodine increases the mitochondria, mitochondria surrounded by highly expanded endoplasmic reticulum The number decreased, the number density (Nv) decreased significantly, although the expansion of mitochondria, but its Vv, Sv is still relatively reduced. Thyroid epithelial cells in the endoplasmic reticulum, V, -S, Vv and Sv was significantly higher than the control group, S / V significantly decreased, indicating that iodine deficiency makes the endoplasmic reticulum highly dilated, increasing volume; dilated endoplasmic reticulum irregular shape , Resulting in its S significantly increased; the number of endoplasmic reticulum per unit volume decreased, Nv significantly reduced. The results suggest that the combination of morphology and stereology provides an effective and viable methodological basis for histomorphological studies