十九世纪俄罗斯教育家乌申斯基有一句名言:注意是知识的门户。他指出了注意在掌握知识中的作用。人们一切知识的获得都必须通过注意这道大门,否则是徒劳的。注意是人们心理活动对客观事物的指向和集中。所谓指向性,就是人把心理活动朝向于某一个方向或某一个事物,即反映客观事物发生的方向——事物的空间位置。所谓集中,就是人把心理活 Uthinsky, a Russian educator in the nineteenth century, has a famous saying: Attention is the gateway to knowledge. He pointed out the role of attention in mastery of knowledge. All people's knowledge must be obtained by paying attention to this door, otherwise it is futile. Note that people's psychological activities on the objective things point and focus. The so-called directivity, that is, people to the psychological activities in a direction or a certain thing, that reflects the direction of objective things - the spatial location of things. The so-called concentration, that is, people live psychologically