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以耐低氮指数为指标,采用模糊数学隶属函数法和主成分分析法对目前辽宁主栽玉米品种进行耐低氮能力评价,并进行聚类分析,以期为玉米育种和高效栽培研究奠定基础。研究结果表明:施氮处理玉米穗粒重、穗粒数、穗长、百粒重、株高、穗位高均高于不施氮处理,而不同品种的秃尖长度在两种处理条件下表现不尽相同;穗粒重、穗粒数、秃尖长可作为评价玉米品种耐低氮能力的指标;供试22个品种玉米可分为3个类群,第1类群(辽单1211、辽单527和辽单565)为对氮素水平反应不敏感品种,第2类群(铁研38、沈玉35、铁研58、铁研358、铁研120、丹玉406、丹玉606、良玉66、先玉335和沈玉21)为对氮素水平反应敏感品种,第3类群(辽单506、辽单120、良玉99、甘农936、良玉88、甘农340、丹玉39、郑单958和丹玉605)为中间类型品种。
With low nitrogen tolerance index as an indicator, fuzzy mathematics membership function method and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the low nitrogen tolerance of the main maize varieties in Liaoning and clustering analysis, which laid the foundation for maize breeding and high-efficiency cultivation. The results showed that the grain weight per spike, number of spike per panicle, ear length, grain weight per plant, plant height and ear height of N application were higher than those of non-N treatment, while the length of bald tip of different varieties under two treatment conditions Performance of different varieties; grain weight per spike, spikelets per acre length can be used as indicators to evaluate the low nitrogen tolerance of maize varieties; for 22 varieties of maize can be divided into three groups, the first group (Liao Dan 1211, Liaoning Single 527 and Liao single 565) were insensitive to the nitrogen level. The second group (Tieyan 38, Shenyu 35, Tieyan 58, Tieyan 358, Tieyan 120, Danyu 406, Danyu 606, Liang Jade 66, Xiangyu 335 and Shenyu 21) were susceptible to nitrogen level. The third group (Liao Shan 506, Liao Dian 120, Liang Yu 99, Gannong 936, Liangyu 88, Gannong 340, Dan Yu 39, Zheng Dan 958 and Dan Yu 605) for the middle type.