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将全尾砂作为充填料进行充填法采矿,不仅可以降低采矿成本,而且还能够实现固体废弃物资源化利用,同时将固体废弃物充填地下保护环境,维护生态平衡。由于尾砂粒径较细,需要与棒磨砂、戈壁砂混合作为充填料应用于充填采矿,有必要开展混合充填骨料的配比优化研究。首先,分别测试了棒磨砂、戈壁砂和尾砂3种骨料的粒径级配和不均匀系数。然后进行了9组配比的胶结充填体强度试验,在该基础上对试验样本进行训练,建立了神经网络预测模型。最后采用该预测模型,进行混合充填骨料正交设计方案的充填体强度预测,并分别采用极差分析和回归分析,揭示了充填体强度与混合充填骨料特征值之间的关系。研究发现,混合骨料平均粒径和不均匀系数不同,充填体早期和后期强度存在显著差异;平均粒径较小的混合骨料早期强度较高,而平均粒径较大者则更利于提高充填体的后期强度。
Tailing the whole tailings as filling material can not only reduce the mining cost, but also realize the utilization of the solid waste and fill the ground with the solid waste to protect the environment and maintain the ecological balance. Due to the smaller particle size of the tailings, it needs to be mixed with rod scrub and Gobi sand as filling materials for filling and mining, and it is necessary to carry out optimization research on the proportioning of mixed and filled aggregates. First, the particle size distribution and non-uniform coefficient of the three kinds of aggregates, such as rod-frosted, gobi and tailings, were tested respectively. After that, the strength of cemented filling body was compared with 9 groups, on the basis of which the training samples were trained and the neural network prediction model was established. Finally, the prediction model is used to predict the strength of the filling body in the orthogonal design scheme of mixed-filled aggregate, and the relationship between the strength of the filling body and the characteristic value of the mixed-filled aggregate body is revealed by using range analysis and regression analysis respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the early and late strength of the filler when the average aggregate size and the non-uniform coefficient of the mixed aggregate were different. The early strength of the mixed aggregate with the smaller average size was higher, while the larger the average size was, Post-filling strength.