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甲午中日战争后,在维新派中出现了一股批判荀子的思潮。其中谭嗣同的批判论调最为激烈。他这样做的原因有三:一,受甲午中日战争中国战败的强烈刺激,他的思想发生了急剧的转变,从一名中国传统士人转变为一名积极学习西方的维新志士,开始清算造成近代中国落后挨打的君主专制体制,谭嗣同批判荀子正是出于反对君主专制主义的需要。二,受康有为维新思想的影响,谭嗣同把孔子孟子的思想作为中国民主平等思想的来源,他要在孔孟之后的儒家体系中寻找篡改孔孟思想、尊崇君主专制的元凶。三,荀子思想本身存在缺陷,其儒学思想是以君主专制主义为取向,推崇礼治。这成为谭嗣同批判荀子的学理依据。
After Sino-Japanese War of 1894, a trend of criticism of Xunzi appeared in the reformists. Among them, Tan Sitong’s criticism is the most intense. He did so for three reasons: First, under the intense provocation of the defeat of China in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, a sharp change took place in his thinking. From a Chinese traditional scholarship to a new intellectual who actively studied in the West, he started to liquidate In modern China, the underdeveloped and beaten monarchy system and Tan Sitong criticized Xunzi precisely because of the need of opposing monarchical despotism. Second, influenced by Kang Youwei’s rejuvenation thought, Tan Sitong used the thought of Confucius Mencius as the source of China’s democratic equality thoughts. He wanted to look for the culprit in the Confucianism system after Confucius and Mencius to tamper with Confucianism and Mengzi and to honor monarchy. Third, Xunzi’s thought itself is flawed. Its Confucianism is based on monarchical autocracy and respected as a ritual. This became the basis for criticizing Xunzi by Tan Sitong.