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2008年美国大选进一步确立了民主党在新一届国会中多数党的优势地位,这使得研究国会与美国贸易保护主义关系的必要性提高。本文通过学理与实证的视角分析了这一问题。研究表明,国会只是通过国会政治结构放大了公众贸易保护主义情绪,制造了国会山上浓郁的保护主义氛围,但鲜有实质性的保护主义法案出笼,这主要是因为其先天具有的否决票制和后天自创的快车道授权。通过考察102届至110届国会对华贸易提案,笔者亦可得出上述研究结果。
The U.S. presidential election in 2008 further established the dominance of the majority party in the new parliamentary session, raising the need to study the relationship between the parliament and U.S. trade protectionism. This article analyzes this problem through the perspective of theory and evidence. Studies show that the Congress enlarged public protectionist sentiment through the political structure of the parliament and created a strong protectionist atmosphere in the Capitol Hill. However, there was little substantive protectionism bill came out mainly because of its innate rejection of the voting system and Acquired fast lane authorization. By examining the 102th session of the 110th session of the parliamentary trade proposal in China, I can draw the above findings.