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群落结构与植物多样性研究对于植被恢复和植物多样性保护具有重要意义。以铜陵叶山天然常绿落叶阔叶混交林为研究对象,在其内设置1.8 hm2(150 m×120 m)的大样地,对样地所在的植物群落的结构、物种组成和多样性进行了分析研究。结果表明,该群落有33科、43属、52种植物。乔木层优势树种为麻栎,伴生树种有青冈栎等,落叶阔叶树林木株数、断面积占大样地林木株数和断面积的比例以及重要值之和均大于常绿阔叶树,该群落具备了北亚热带低山常绿落叶阔叶林群落结构特征;乔木层林木直径(大于5 cm)分布呈偏左正态分布,表明该林分具有同龄林直径结构特点。灌木层优势植物种为溲疏,亚优势种有青冈栎等;草本层优势植物种为半岛鳞毛蕨。分层物种丰富度和多样性指数灌木层>乔木层>草本层;均匀度指数灌木层>乔木层>草本层;生态优势度指数草本层>乔木层>灌木层。灌木层有多种乔木层的幼苗和幼树,乔木层和灌木层具有相关性。
Community structure and plant diversity research is of great significance to the restoration of vegetation and the protection of plant diversity. Taking the natural evergreen and deciduous mixed forest in Yexian of Tongling as the research object, a large sample plot of 1.8 hm2 (150 m × 120 m) was set up to study the structure, species composition and diversity of the plant community Analysis. The results showed that the community has 33 families, 43 genera and 52 species of plants. The dominant species of tree layer is Quercus acutissima and the associated tree species is Cyclobalanopsis glauca. The proportion of deciduous broad-leaved forest trees, the proportion of sectional area and the proportion of important tree species and sectional area are larger than the evergreen broad-leaved trees, Low mountain evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest community structure characteristics; tree layer tree diameter (greater than 5 cm) distribution left normal distribution, indicating that the stand with the same age forest diameter structure. The dominant plant species in shrub layer were Phyllostachys pubescens, the subdominant species had Cyclobalanopsis glauca and other dominant species; Stratified species richness and diversity index shrub layer> arbor layer> herb layer; evenness index shrub layer> arbor layer> herb layer; ecological dominance index of herb layer> arbor layer> shrub layer. Shrub layer has a variety of tree seedlings and saplings, tree layer and shrub layer are related.