目的探讨甲状腺功能减退性肌病与多发性肌炎容易误诊的原因。方法回顾分析10例甲状腺功能减退性肌病患者的临床表现及实验室检查资料,并复习有关文献。结果甲状腺功能减退性肌病与多发性肌炎在肌肉方面的表现相似,但甲状腺功能检查可以鉴别,左甲状腺素替代治疗有效。结论对于肌肉无力和肌酶升高者需常规检测甲状腺功能。 Objective To investigate the causes of misdiagnosis of hypothyroidism myopathy and polymyositis. Methods Retrospective analysis of 10 cases of thyroid hypothyroidism in patients with clinical manifestations and laboratory tests, and review of the literature. Results Hypothyroidism myopathy and polymyositis muscle performance similar, but thyroid function tests can be identified, the effective treatment of levothyrotropin replacement. Conclusion For muscle weakness and elevated muscle enzymes need to routinely detect thyroid function.