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目的了解广州市青少年超重肥胖以及身体活动水平的变化趋势,为制定科学、有效的干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用青少年健康危险行为调查问卷,利用分层整群随机抽样方法于2008和2013年2次分别对广州市的66和71所学校的学生进行自填式问卷调查,比较分析其中的超重肥胖及身体活动状况相关内容。结果2008年共调查青少年11 939人,平均年龄(16.0±2.28)岁,男生占46.29%,城市学生占65.46%;2013年调查青少年12 750人,平均年龄(15.7±2.21)岁,男生占46.76%,城市学生占70.89%。2008与2013年广州市青少年超重肥胖发生率分别为6.49%(553/8 521)和9.21%(1 171/12 710),年均增长9.14%,男生增长速度更快,达10.34%(从9.37%上升至13.89%);调查前7 d,平均每天看电视≥2 h的青少年所占比例由2008年的50.30%下降至2013年的40.42%(P<0.01),但平均每天玩电子游戏≥4 h和上网>2 h的青少年比例则分别由2008年的13.61%和22.70%增加至16.47%和31.16%(P<0.01)。结论广州市青少年超重肥胖率增长迅速;身体动态活动无明显变化,静态活动增加明显,应采取适当的措施加强青少年的身体活动,减少静坐时间,特别是减少玩电子游戏时间,控制超重肥胖率的发展。
Objective To understand the trend of overweight and obesity and physical activity of adolescents in Guangzhou and provide a theoretical basis for making scientific and effective interventions. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct self-administered questionnaires of 66 and 71 schools in Guangzhou in 2008 and 2013 respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity and Physical activity related content. Results A total of 11 939 adolescents were surveyed in 2008, with an average age of (16.0 ± 2.28) years, with boys accounting for 46.29% and urban students accounting for 65.46%. In 2013, 12,750 adolescents were surveyed, with an average age of 15.7 ± 2.21 and boys of 46.76 %, Urban students accounted for 70.89%. The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Guangzhou in 2008 and 2013 were 6.49% (553/8 521) and 9.21% (1 171/12 710), respectively, with an average annual increase of 9.14%. The growth rate of boys was 10.34% (from 9.37%) % To 13.89%). In the first 7 days of the survey, the average number of teens who watched TV for more than 2 hours a day decreased from 50.30% in 2008 to 40.42% in 2013 (P <0.01) 4 h and Internet access> 2 h increased from 13.61% and 22.70% in 2008 to 16.47% and 31.16% respectively (P <0.01). Conclusion The rate of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Guangzhou is increasing rapidly. There is no significant change in body dynamic activities and significant increase in static activities. Appropriate measures should be taken to strengthen adolescent physical activity and reduce sit-in time, especially to reduce the playing time of electronic games and to control the rate of overweight and obesity development of.