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一、关于中国的奴隶社会什么是中国奴隶社会的基本特征?这是从运用马克思列宁主义研究中国历史以来,就存在的老问题.我在“中国古代社会研究”、“十批判书”、“青铜时代”、“奴隶制时代”等书中,讲过这个问题.这些著作,有的是很早以前写的,其中有些意见考虑不周,已作了修正.但我的基本见解,现在仍未改变,因为近些年来还没有发现新的反证,所以我还是保留着原来的意见.我认为,中国奴隶社会不象所谓“古代东方型”的奴隶社会那样;只有家内奴隶,而生产者则是公社成员.严格按照马克思的意见来说,只有家内奴隶的社会,是不成其为奴隶社会的.家内奴隶在解放前的汉族和某些少数民族中都还存在.如果太强调了公社,认为中国奴隶社会的生产者都是公社成员,那中国就会没有奴隶社会.正如太强调中国封建社会中还是和奴隶社会一样,是土地国有制,则中国就没有封建社会一样.这样,马克思列宁主义关于人类社会发展阶段的原理,也就成问题了.当然,如果事实如此,我们也只有尊重事实;可惜事实并不是这样.
I. About the Slave Society in China What is the Basic Characteristics of the Chinese Slave Society? This is an old question that has existed since the study of Chinese history through the application of Marxism-Leninism. In the book “Studies of Ancient Chinese Society”, “Ten Critical Verdicts This issue has been addressed in books such as The Bronze Age, The Bronze Age, The Slavery Era, etc. Some of these books were written long ago, some of which were not well thought out and amended, but I Since I have not found any new evidence in recent years, I still retain my original opinion, and I think that the Chinese slave society is not like the slaves society called ”ancient oriental type" Only domestic slaves, and producers are members of the commune.According to Marx's opinion, only the domestic slaves society, is not a slave society.Home slaves before the liberation of Han and some ethnic minorities still exist If too much emphasis is placed on the commune and the producers of the Chinese slavery are members of the commune, then there will be no slave society in China, just as the emphasis on China's feudal society and the slavery society is land ownership, There is no feudal society, so that the principles of Marxism-Leninism about the stage of human social development are also problematic, but of course we only respect the facts if this is the case, but unfortunately this is not the case.