重症肝炎及失代偿肝硬变病人合并原发性细菌性腹膜炎是临床上常见的合并症,国外报告住院肝硬变病人中发生率为3％,在肝硬变腹水病人中约占8％。肝病并发腹膜炎预后很差,其病死率可达50～90％。因此及时确诊、迅速救治具有重要意义。然而由于本病的临床症状及体征往往不典型,因而给诊断造成一定困难。Correia报告25例腹膜炎中54％无腹部体征,其中10例临床上未怀疑腹膜炎,3例未述及腹部症状。Conn报告6％的病人无 Severe hepatitis and decompensated cirrhosis patients with primary bacterial peritonitis is a common clinical complication, foreign reports of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis occurred in 3%, cirrhosis of the ascites patients accounted for about 8% . Liver disease complicated with peritonitis poor prognosis, the mortality rate of up to 50 to 90%. Therefore timely diagnosis, rapid treatment is of great significance. However, due to the clinical symptoms and signs of this disease are often not typical, thus causing some difficulties in the diagnosis. Correia reported 54% of 25 patients with peritonitis without abdominal signs, of which 10 had no clinical suspicion of peritonitis and 3 did not report abdominal symptoms. Conn reported 6% of patients without