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目的分析山东省某大学附属小学一起MP呼吸道感染暴发的流行特征和采取的防控措施,为完善学校疫情防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析该起暴发特征,用日本富士SERODIA-MYCOⅡ肺炎支原体抗体诊断试剂盒被动凝集法、双份血清检测MP抗体。结果疫情自1月2日-1月27日,历时26 d,有68例MP呼吸道感染病例,罹患率8.3%。双份血清抗体检测阳性68份,6~8岁罹患率最高,共有52人发病,占发病总人数的76.47%;性别差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.12,P>0.05)。结论本次疫情为一起肺炎支原体感染暴发,传播方式直接接触或经口、鼻分泌物与痰飞沫而传播,建议加强学生个人卫生和防护意识的健康教育,规范呼吸道感染和不典型肺炎的诊断和治疗。一旦疾病有聚集现象要做到早发现、早报告、早隔离、早治疗,使疫情得到及时有效的控制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and prevention and control measures of an outbreak of MP respiratory tract infection in a primary school attached to a university in Shandong Province and to provide a scientific basis for improving prevention and control of epidemic situation in schools. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of the outbreak and the passive antibody agglutination test was performed with the Japan Fuji SERODIA-MYCO II Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody diagnostic kit. Two-sera were used to detect the MP antibodies. Results The epidemic ranged from January 2 to January 27, and lasted for 26 days. There were 68 cases of MP respiratory infections with an attack rate of 8.3%. The positive rates of serum HBsAg and HBsAg in sera from 6 to 8 years old were the highest, accounting for 76.47% of the total. The difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.12, P> 0.05). Conclusions The outbreak was an outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, transmission mode of direct contact or oral, nasal secretions and sputum droplets spread, it is recommended to enhance students’ personal hygiene and awareness of health education to regulate the diagnosis of respiratory tract infection and atypical pneumonia And treatment. Once the disease has the phenomenon of aggregation to be detected early, early report, early isolation, early treatment, so that outbreaks have been effectively controlled.