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在美国一般的经济文献中,只有大小企业之分,很少使用“中型企业”这一概念。按照官方——美国小企业管理局的定义,小企业是指雇员不超过500人的企业。为了区别制造业和服务业的不同情况,SBA把制造业的小企业的雇员人数定在500人以下,把服务业的小企业的雇员人数定在100人以下。按照这个标准,美国现在约有小企业2700万个,占美国企业总数的99%。美国总共只有近3亿人,这就意味着每10个美国人中就有1个是老板。很多小企业也有几百名雇员,规模当然没法跟那些“大块头”的世界500强企业相比,但美国的小企业不仅让无数人实理了创业梦、发财梦,更把美国经济这块蛋糕做得格外大。为了更好地了解美国小企业的情况,《环球时报》特约记者走访了美国小企业管理局。
In the general economic literature of the United States, the concept of “medium-sized enterprise” is seldom used only by small and large enterprises. According to the official definition of small business administration, small business means an enterprise with no more than 500 employees. To differentiate between manufacturing and service sectors, SBA sets the number of employees in manufacturing small businesses to 500 or less and the number of service-minded small businesses to 100. According to this standard, the United States now has about 27 million small businesses, accounting for 99% of the total number of U.S. businesses. There are only a total of nearly 300 million people in the United States, which means that one in 10 Americans is the boss. Many small businesses also have hundreds of employees, of course, the scale can not be compared with the “big head” of the Fortune 500 companies, but the US small business not only let countless people real business dreams, a dream of getting rich, but also the U.S. economy This cake is extremely large. In order to better understand the situation of small businesses in the United States, Global Times special correspondent visited the U.S. Small Business Administration.