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针对考虑应力约束、位移约束和压杆稳定约束的桁架结构进行形状和尺寸优化,提出了一种基于免疫粒子群优化算法和齿行法的桁架结构优化算法.对形状和尺寸2类耦合变量进行分层处理.内层考虑各类约束条件,利用收敛速度较快的齿行法对给定形状的结构进行截面优化,使其自重最轻,将约束问题转化为非约束问题;外层则通过全局搜索能力较强的免疫粒子群算法对结构形状进行全局搜索,得出最终优化结果.通过37杆平面简支桁架桥和25杆空间桁架2个经典算例验证了所提算法的有效性.结果表明,所提算法采用内外层嵌套搜索,能够更好地处理2类变量的耦合关系,有效缩小了解空间的范围,具有良好的优化效果和较高的搜索效率.
In order to optimize the shape and size of the truss structure considering the stress constraints, the displacement constraints and the stability constraints of the strut, an optimization algorithm of truss structure based on immune particle swarm optimization algorithm and tooth row method is proposed. Two types of coupling variables, shape and size, The inner layer considers all kinds of constraints, and uses the tooth line method with faster convergence rate to optimize the cross-section of a given shape structure to make it the lightest weight and convert the constraint problem into a non-constraint problem; the outer layer passes The global optimization of particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to search the structure shape globally to get the final optimization results. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified by two classic examples of 37-plane simply supported truss bridge and 25-space truss. The results show that the proposed algorithm uses inner and outer nested search, which can deal with the coupling relation of two kinds of variables better, effectively reduce the scope of the solution space, has good optimization results and high search efficiency.