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水稻颖花原基分化期高温可抑制颖花分化,导致每穗粒数下降,最终会影响水稻产量的形成。以杂交稻甬优12为材料,探讨高温下不同浓度水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)对水稻颖花分化的影响,并揭示其作用机制。研究表明,常温下适量SA促进水稻颖花分化,但高浓度SA严重降低每穗粒数。然而高温下,10~50000μmol/L SA处理每穗粒数均高于对照。无论常温或高温,100μmol/L水杨酸处理效果最好,其每穗粒数及产量均显著高于对照。SA增强水稻耐热性表现在三个方面:1)高温下SA处理的叶片实际荧光量子效率及净光合速率均高于对照;2)高温下SA处理的颖花SOD、POD及CAT活性显著高于对照,而MDA含量则显著低于对照;3)无论高温或常温,SA处理的颖花ZR及IAA含量均高于对照,尤其在高温下,差异达显著水平。
Differentiation of spikelets in rice spikelets during the differentiation stage inhibited the spikelet differentiation, resulting in a decrease in the number of spikelets per panicle and eventually the formation of rice yield. The effects of different concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) on the spikelet differentiation of rice at high temperature were studied using the hybrid rice Yongyou 12 as material. The mechanism of action was also revealed. The results showed that appropriate amount of SA at room temperature promoted the spikelet differentiation of rice, but the high concentration of SA significantly reduced the number of grains per spike. However, under the high temperature, grain number per spike of 10 ~ 50000μmol / L SA was higher than that of the control. Salicylic acid treatment at 100μmol / L was the best, no matter at room temperature or at high temperature. The number of grains per panicle and yield per plant were significantly higher than those of the control. SA enhanced the heat tolerance of rice in three aspects: 1) The actual fluorescence quantum efficiency and net photosynthetic rate of leaves treated with SA at high temperature were higher than those of the control; 2) SOD activity, POD and CAT activity of SA treated with SA were significantly higher under high temperature While the content of MDA was significantly lower than that of the control. 3) The contents of ZR and IAA in spikelets of SA were higher than those of the control at both high and normal temperatures, especially at high temperature.