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基于所研制的侧漏型光子晶体光纤,提出并构建了出一种同时检测扭转角度和扭转方向的高灵敏度Sagnac干涉仪型光纤扭转传感器.顺时针扭转时,传感器传输谱向短波长方向偏移;逆时针扭转,向长波长方向偏移.对传感器扭转特性的实验研究结果表明,构成Sagnac干涉仪的侧漏型光子晶体光纤的长度,对扭转敏感系数和扭转角度测量范围起着决定性作用.当光纤长度较短时,扭转传感器具有较大的扭转灵敏度,但扭转角度测量范围较小;光纤长度增加时,扭转灵敏度减小,扭转角度测量范围增大.当构成Sagnac干涉仪的侧漏型光子晶体光纤长度为14.85cm时,传感器的扭转敏感系数可达到0.9354nm/(),扭转角度测量范围为–90—90;光纤长度为32cm时,最大扭转敏感系数降为0.2132nm/(),扭转角度测量范围扩展至–180—180.采用二维测量矩阵法可以有效排除温度对扭转角度的测量的影响.
A high-sensitivity Sagnac interferometer fiber optic torsion sensor with simultaneous detection of torsion angle and torsion direction is proposed and constructed based on the developed side-lean photonic crystal fiber.When clockwise, the sensor transmission spectrum shifts to the short wavelength ; Counterclockwise twist and shift to long wavelength.Experimental results on the torsional characteristics of the sensor show that the length of the side-drain photonic crystal fiber which constitutes the Sagnac interferometer plays a decisive role in torsion sensitivity coefficient and torsional angle measurement range. When the fiber length is short, the torsion sensor has greater torsional sensitivity, but the torsion angle measurement range is small; the fiber length increases, the torsional sensitivity decreases, the torsion angle measurement range increases.When the Sagnac interferometer side leakage type When the photonic crystal fiber length is 14.85cm, the torsional sensitivity coefficient of the sensor can reach 0.9354nm / () and the torsion angle measurement range is -90-90. When the fiber length is 32cm, the maximum torsional sensitivity coefficient decreases to 0.2132nm / () The measurement range of torsion angle is extended to -180-180. The influence of temperature on the measurement of torsion angle can be effectively eliminated by using two-dimensional measurement matrix method.