〈八〉 在1860年前后,当李斯特和瓦格纳处于顶峰期时,有迹象表明浪漫主义统一的局面开始瓦解。最明显的是标题交响乐威胁到“绝对”的交响乐。当然二者都有足够的活力来独立存在。“绝对”的交响乐回到古典的道路上,希望恢复其活力,但它不可能象它的对手—标题交响乐那样开始一种全新的生活。相反它却进入了晚期的浪漫主义时期,充满了怀旧的味道。 <8> Around 1860, when Liszt and Wagner were at their peak, there were signs that the unification of romanticism began to collapse. Most obviously the title symphony threatens the “absolute” symphony. Of course, both have enough vitality to exist independently. The “absolute” symphony returns to the classical path in the hope of regaining its vitality, but it can not begin a whole new life as its opponent, the title symphony, does. Instead it entered the late period of romanticism, full of nostalgic taste.