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为了弄清湖北典型生态区烤烟质量风格特征及其影响因子,选取了利川、宣恩、咸丰、兴山和房县5个产烟县(市)的12个试点,于2011—2013年连续3年测定了烤烟的产值、上等烟比例、初烤烟叶化学成分含量和感官质量指标及其影响因子。结果表明,5个县(市)烤烟的产值和上等烟比例存在显著差异。产值和留叶数与施氮量和施钾量呈显著正相关,上等烟比例与基肥中的施氮量和施磷量呈显著正相关。香气质与总糖、还原糖呈显著正相关,与烟碱呈显著负相关。香气量与总氮含量呈极显著正相关,与烟碱呈负相关,而与氮碱比呈极显著负相关。5个县(市)烤烟的化学成分变化较大,感官质量各具特色。利川、宣恩和咸丰烤烟具有武陵山地烟草本香和坚果香味,兴山和房县烤烟具有秦巴山地烟草本香和豆香香味。
In order to understand the characteristics of flue-cured tobacco quality and their influencing factors in a typical ecological area in Hubei Province, 12 pilot sites were selected from 5 producing counties (cities) in Lichuan, Xuan’en, Xianfeng, Xingshan and Fangxian. In the year, the output value of flue-cured tobacco, the proportion of superior tobacco, the chemical composition and sensory quality index of flue-cured tobacco and the influencing factors were determined. The results showed that the output value of flue-cured tobacco in five counties (cities) and the proportion of superior tobacco were significantly different. There was a significant positive correlation between the value of output and the number of leaves retained and the amount of nitrogen applied and the amount of applied potassium. The proportion of finest tobacco showed a significant positive correlation with the amount of nitrogen applied and the amount of phosphorus applied in basal fertilizer. Aroma quality and total sugar, reducing sugar was significantly positive correlation, and nicotine was significantly negatively correlated. There was a significant positive correlation between the amount of aroma and total nitrogen, negative correlation with nicotine, and significant negative correlation with the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine. The chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco in 5 counties (cities) changed greatly with different sensory qualities. Lichuan, Xuan’en and Xianfeng flue-cured tobacco with tobacco incense and nut flavor in Wuling Mountain, Xingshan and Fang County flue-cured tobacco with Qin Ba mountain tobacco incense and bean fragrance.