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目的了解广东省经济欠发达地区农村留守学生营养知识和饮食行为健康教育效果,为进一步改善留守学生营养状况提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取广东省经济欠发达地区6所小学和6所中学学生1 909名作为研究对象。采用问卷调查的方式进行基线调查和干预5个月后效果评估。结果调查对象干预前后营养知识得分分别为(5.9±3.5)和(9.8±3.1)分,父母不同外出状况学生间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。调查对象干预前后饮食行为得分分别为(5.1±1.9)和(5.8±1.2)分,父母不同外出状况学生间差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论开展有针对性的营养健康教育,可以提高留守学生营养知识知晓率,促进健康饮食行为形成。
Objective To understand the effect of health education on nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors among rural left-behind students in economically underdeveloped areas in Guangdong Province, and to provide basis for further improving the nutritional status of left-behind students. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 909 students from 6 primary schools and 6 secondary schools in underdeveloped areas of Guangdong Province as research subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the baseline survey and intervention after 5 months. Results The scores of nutritional knowledge before and after intervention were (5.9 ± 3.5) and (9.8 ± 3.1) points, respectively. There were significant differences among parents with different out-going status (P <0.05). The scores of eating behavior before and after intervention were (5.1 ± 1.9) and (5.8 ± 1.2) points, respectively. There were significant differences among the parents in different out-going status (P <0.05). Conclusion To carry out targeted nutrition and health education can improve the awareness rate of nutritional knowledge among left-behind students and promote the formation of healthy dietary behaviors.