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墨西哥国际玉米、小麦改良中心(以下简称改良中心)小麦育种的宗旨是为发展中国家(LDC_s)提供含有高产、广适性、抗锈种质的小麦新品种。在1967—1968年期间高产半矮秆小麦品种栽培面积约500万公顷,到1976—1977年大约增加到2700万公顷,这些栽培的新品种绝大多数不是出自改良中心就是和含有改良中心的品种间杂交获得的,如果杂交采用含有改良中心种质的品系,扩大其种质基础,其播种面积就会大大增加,且具有较稳定的抗锈性,这是很重要的一个战略环节。这篇文章叙述了用改良中心制订的育种战略方针来增加和稳定普通小麦对病害的抗性,用类似的技术也用来实现对小麦属的硬粒小麦和大麦的育种战略。
Mexico International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center The purpose of wheat breeding is to provide developing countries (LDC_s) with new varieties of wheat that contain high yield, wide adaptability and rust-resistant germplasm. The high-yielding semi-dwarf wheat cultivars ranged from about 5 million hectares during 1967-1968 to about 27 million hectares by 1976-1977. The vast majority of these cultivated new varieties were not derived from centers of improvement and those containing centers of improvement It is an important strategy to obtain hybrids by crossing strains with improved germplasm resources to expand their germplasm base and greatly increase their sown area and provide more stable rust resistance. This article describes the breeding strategy developed by the Center for Improvement to increase and stabilize the resistance of common wheat to disease and a similar technique was also used to achieve breeding strategies for Triticum durum and barley.