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海洋工程通常是一个细长的线。我们通常看到的仅仅是建筑物狭长的表面,而不分析支撑他们的大量水下材料。毋庸置疑,海底地基将承受来自于海洋的周期性和交替的静力以及变化的动力。外部和内部的海上工程均在复杂的环境中运行。固态颗粒(防波堤)可以吸入入射水流,并且通过颗粒之间的间距吸收海浪的能量。回流试图从固态颗粒中抽离物质,这样一个遵从太沙基原理的基于有效拉力和中性拉力之间的平衡建立起来。在某些情况下,防护层的液化已经造成了防波堤崩溃(Sines,葡萄牙,1978年2月)。在其他情况下,虹吸作用或液化导致巨石(垂直的防波堤)毁坏或崩溃(新巴塞罗那港口,西班牙,2001年11月)。结合复合设计工具的地基-作用力——结构相互作用的过程是一个复杂的分析,关于其研究刚刚开始。本文介绍了最近发生在西班牙的、由于地基失效导致的海上工程内部损坏的两个例子(马拉加,2004年7月,巴塞罗那,2007年1月),分析了其成因。
Marine engineering is usually a slender line. What we usually see is only the long, narrow surface of the building, without analyzing the vast amount of underwater material that supports them. Needless to say, the seabed will withstand cyclical and alternating static and changing dynamics from the ocean. Both offshore and internal offshore projects operate in complex environments. Solid particles (breakwater) can draw in incident water flow and absorb the energy of the waves through the spacing between the particles. Refluxing attempts to pull material out of the solid particles and is based on the Basis principle and is based on a balance of effective and neutral pull forces. In some cases liquefaction of the barrier has caused the breakwater to break (Sines, Portugal, February 1978). In other cases, siphoning or liquefaction caused the destruction or collapse of boulders (vertical breakwater) (New Port of Barcelona, Spain, November 2001). The process of combining foundation-force-structure interaction with composite design tools is a complex analysis and its research has just begun. This article presents two recent examples of internal damage to offshore structures due to ground failure in Spain (Málaga, July 2004, Barcelona, January 2007) and its causes.