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对埃塞俄比亚北部提格雷州农民的大麦品种选择与革新进行了研究。随机选取提格雷州中部和南部地带各2个区、东部地带3个区进行此项研究,目的是了解当地大麦品种的现状,估测农民对它们的相对偏好程度。对240个农户做了调查,以得到农民对种植当地大麦品种的价值、局限及机会的看法。对农户的调查受到核心小组、与长者的非正式讨论、主要受访人员及妇女小组的支持。对公认为大麦培育者的当地农民进行了案例研究。记录24个大麦品种及其主要描述。种子和品种选择标准依赖于环境和品种特性。对家庭内部决策过程的调查表明,男人趋向于决定要种植的品种,而种子储存与加工则是妇女的专门职责。农民进行收获前及收获后选择,主要看重的是早熟及麦穗特性。独特的品种选择和种子更新程序可揭示它们用于下一步培育的潜力。对农民开发出来的品种的案例研究分析提供了这样的认识,即,如果与科学知识相结合,就可以鉴别并开发出具有广阔潜力的、可用于提格雷半干旱地区及埃塞俄比亚其它地方的有价值的栽培品种。
The selection and innovation of barley varieties of farmers in Tigray Prefecture, northern Ethiopia were studied. This study was conducted at random in two districts of central and southern Tigray and three in the eastern part of the country to understand the status of local barley cultivars and to assess the relative preference of farmers for them. A survey of 240 farmers has been conducted to get farmers’ perceptions of the value, limitations and opportunities of growing local barley varieties. Household surveys were supported by the core group, informal discussions with the elderly, key respondents and women’s groups. A case study of local farmers who are recognized as barley breeders was conducted. Record 24 barley varieties and their main descriptions. Seed and variety selection criteria depend on the environment and breed characteristics. Surveys of domestic decision-making processes show that men tend to decide which varieties to grow, while seed storage and processing are women’s specialized duties. Before and after harvest, farmers choose to harvest, the main emphasis is on the characteristics of early maturity and ears. Unique breed selection and seed update programs reveal the potential of their use for further incubation. A case-study analysis of cultivars developed by farmers provides the insight that, if combined with scientific knowledge, the potential of broad potential for use in the semi-arid Tigray and other parts of Ethiopia can be identified and developed Of cultivated species.