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目的探讨母乳喂养与儿童支气管哮喘(哮喘)发生的关系。方法利用计算机在万方数据库、中国全文期刊数据库、维普数据库和Pubmed数据库中检索2000-2011年发表的母乳喂养与儿童哮喘发生的相关文献,根据文献纳入标准,筛选出符合入选标准的文献,应用RevMan 5.0软件对其进行异质性检验和效应值合并,同时进行敏感性分析和偏倚评估。结果纳入符合入选标准的文献9篇,分别来源于伊拉克、澳大利亚、加拿大和中国。其中哮喘组7 705例,对照组9 749例。对母乳喂养与儿童哮喘的9篇文献进行异质性检验,结果P<0.000 01,故采用随机效应模型进行分析。结果 9篇文献的合并OR(95%CI)值为0.61(0.38~0.98),Z=2.06,P<0.05。根据母乳喂养时间进行亚组分析,结果提示母乳喂养<6个月和≥6个月发生儿童哮喘的合并OR值分别为1.05、0.76,P>0.05、<0.05。各研究的敏感性分析较稳定且无发表偏倚。结论母乳喂养≥6个月可以减少儿童哮喘的发生。
Objective To explore the relationship between breastfeeding and bronchial asthma (asthma) in children. Methods The articles about breastfeeding and childhood asthma published in 2000-2011 were retrieved by computer from Wanfang database, Chinese full-text journal database, VIP database and Pubmed database. According to the inclusion criteria of the literature, the documents that meet the inclusion criteria were screened and applied RevMan 5.0 software heterogeneity test and the merger of effect values, while sensitivity analysis and bias assessment. Results Nine of the articles that met the inclusion criteria were collected from Iraq, Australia, Canada and China. Among them, 7 705 cases were asthma group and 9 749 cases in control group. Heterogeneity tests were performed on nine articles on breastfeeding and childhood asthma with P <0.000 01, so a randomized effect model was used for analysis. Results The combined OR (95% CI) values of 9 articles were 0.61 (0.38-0.98), Z = 2.06, P <0.05. According to the time of breastfeeding, the subgroup analysis indicated that the combined OR of children breastfeeding <6 months and> 6 months were 1.05,0.76, P> 0.05, <0.05 respectively. Sensitivity analysis of each study is relatively stable and unpublished. Conclusion Breastfeeding for 6 months can reduce the incidence of asthma in children.