目的　了解新生期视网膜光感受器节段结构特点以指导视网膜移植供体材料选择。　方法　以新生期小牛视网膜光感受器为研究对象 ,扫描电镜和透射电镜为研究手段 ,成年牛视网膜为对照。　结果　新生期视网膜光感受器节段成蘑菇样外观。外节段末端膨隆成球状 ,构成蘑菇样结构的头部 ;内节段和部分外节段细长成杆状 ,构成蘑菇样结构的体部。在外节段中邻近胞浆膜向内折叠构成膜盘结构。膜盘排列除与节段长轴垂直外 ,还有与节段长轴平行和斜形排列者。近末端外节段内膜盘形成不完全 ,内侧端呈“阶梯状”外观。外节段末端含有膜盘结构的外向突起 ,较多的囊泡样结构、线粒体和核糖体。光感受器节段通过外界膜与外核层发生联系。　结论　新生期光感受器节段特殊的形态学特点提示其尚未成熟 ,具有较强的生长能力 ,适用于视网膜移植供体选材 Objective To understand the characteristics of retinal photoreceptor segments in neonatal period to guide the choice of donor material for retinal transplants. Methods Newborn calf retinal photoreceptors were used as research objects. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used as research methods. Adult bovine retina was used as a control. Results Neonatal retinal photoreceptor segments became mushroom-like appearance. Bulging bulging ends of the outer segment to form the mushroom-like structure of the head; inner segment and part of the outer segment elongated into a rod-shaped, constitute the mushroom-like structure of the body. Adjacent to the cytoplasmic membrane in the outer segment folds inward to form a membrane disk structure. In addition to the arrangement of the membrane disk perpendicular to the major axis of the segment, there are also those that are parallel and oblique to the major axis of the segment. Near the end of the outer segment of the intima-plate formation is not complete, the medial end was “stepped” appearance. The outer segment contains extrinsic projections of membrane disk structure, more vesicular-like structures, mitochondria and ribosomes. The photoreceptor segment communicates with the outer nuclear layer through the outer membrane. Conclusion The special morphological characteristics of photoreceptor segments in neonatal period suggest that they are immature and have strong growth capacity and are suitable for donor selection of retinal transplants