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并行油藏数值模拟技术是应建立大型油田开发方案及提高采收率的要求而产生，是随计算机硬件系统的发展而发展的技术。目前我国东部油区各主力油田相继进入油田开发高含水的后期，井越来越密，为了确定剩余油的分布，油藏模拟网格也必须加密。这样，问题的规模就变得越来越大。如何在保证精度的前提下，高效地进行大型油藏模拟成为当前迫切需要解决的问题。随着计算机硬件的发展和成熟，大幅度地提高单ＣＰＵ速度已变得越来越困难，巨型计算机的发展主流方向已经转向研制并行计算机系统。而利用新的并行计算机，开发并行油藏数模软件势在必行。在国内各油田得到广泛应用的ＩＢＯ全隐式三维三相黑油模型软件的基础上，在有６个ＣＰＵ的ＰｏｗｅｒＣｈａｌｅｎｇｅ上对该串行软件实现了全面的并行化，利用若干实际油藏算例对其进行了测试。本文给出了在共享内存并行机上进行油藏模拟软件并行化的思路及方法，及对并行软件的测试结果。按本文方法研制的并行黑油模型软件ＳＰＩＢＯ，计算规模可达４７万网格，运行速度可提高４倍，为油藏工程师进行大规模精细数值模拟工作提供了有效的工具。
Parallel reservoir numerical simulation technology should be established to meet the requirements of large-scale oilfield development and to enhance oil recovery. It is a technology developed with the development of computer hardware system. At present, all the major oilfields in eastern oilfields of our country have successively entered the late stage of developing high-water-cut reservoirs and are getting more and more dense. In order to determine the distribution of remaining oil, the reservoir simulation grid must also be encrypted. In this way, the size of the problem becomes larger and larger. How to efficiently simulate large-scale reservoirs becomes an urgent problem to be solved under the premise of ensuring accuracy. With the development and maturity of computer hardware, it has become more and more difficult to dramatically increase the speed of a single CPU. The mainstream of the development of a giant computer has turned to the development of a parallel computer system. With the new parallel computer, it is imperative to develop parallel reservoir numerical simulation software. Based on the IBO implicit 3D three-phase black oil model software widely used in oil fields in China, the serial software is fully parallelized on a PowerChalenge with 6 CPUs. Several actual reservoir examples It was tested. This paper presents the idea and method of parallelizing reservoir simulation software on shared memory parallel machine and the test results of parallel software. The parallel black oil model software SPIBO developed by this method can calculate 470,000 grids and increase the running speed by 4 times, which provides an effective tool for reservoir engineers to carry out large-scale and fine numerical simulation.