Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanisms of tetrahydroberberine (THB) on vascular endothelial cell injury induced by oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) and LPS-induced cell injury model.Methods: MTT assay was used to detect the effects of THB final concentration on the survival rate of EA.hy926 cells, which were 0 μg/mL, 2.5 μg/mL, 5 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, 20 μg/mL and 40 μg/mL, respectively. Group I of the experiment: normal control group, OGD group, OGD+THB-10 μg/mL group, OGD+THB-20 μg/mL group, OGD+THB-40 μg/mL group; Experimental group II group: normal Control group, LPS group, OGD+ LPS group and OGD+ LPS+THB-20 μg/mL group. The relative expression of inflammation-related factors such as Caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β and IL-6 was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the expression of IL-1β and HO-1 was detected by West Blot analysis.Results:The results of MTT assay showed that THB had no effect on the survival of EA.hy926 cells. The qPCR results of the experimental group I and II showed that the OGD model could play an anti-inflammatory protective role by down-regulating the expression of Caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β and IL-6 genes. The anti-inflammatory effect of THB on the OGD model was general, but it was found that THB also exerted an anti-inflammatory effect by down-regulating the expression of inflammatory genes by OGD+ LPS group compared with OGD+ LPS+THB-20 μg/mL group. West Blot analysis showed that the expression of IL-1β protein was consistent with the results of qPCR. The expression of HO-1 protein as a protective factor was contrary to that of inflammatory factor fluorescence quantitative analysis.Conclusion:OGD model can improve the protective effect of cell stress. THB plays an anti-inflammatory role by down-regulating the expression of Caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β and IL-6 genes, up-regulating the expression of HO-1 protein and inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory bodies.