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心理焦虑是影响高中田径训练成绩、田径竞技能力的重要因素。视动训练法作为一种结合放松训练与表象训练手段的心理技能训练方法,可以抑制或者减缓心理焦虑,提升运动员的注意集中力。放松训练方法包括压力预防训练、压力控制训练、渐进性肌肉放松训练三种。表象训练包括视觉表象、动作表象与运动表象。视动训练方法的理论基础是神经—肌肉理论、注意—唤醒理论、符号—学习理论以及心理—技能理论等。视动行为演练要求运动员要拥有稳定的心理状态与完整的认知结构。
Psychological anxiety is an important factor that affects high school track and field track and field athletics ability. As a kind of training method combined with relaxation training and visual training, mental training can reduce or alleviate psychological anxiety and enhance athlete’s concentration. Relaxation training methods include stress prevention training, stress control training, progressive muscle relaxation training three. Representation training includes visual representation, action representation and motion representation. The theoretical basis of visual training method is neuromuscular theory, attention-awakening theory, symbol-learning theory and psycho-technical theory. As the dynamic behavior requires athletes to exercise a steady state of mind and a complete cognitive structure.