内蒙古开鲁县是国家食物与营养监测项目的一个较贫困农村监测点。为收集不同地区儿童营养状况的连续资料,按照国家项目组的要求,2000年7月对开鲁县415名5岁以下儿童及其住户进行了第二次现场监测。内容包括:5岁以下儿童身高、体重的测量和与儿童生长发育相关因素的问卷调查。调查结果显示,5岁以下儿童的生长迟缓率(身高不足)为13.25％。低体重率为8.67％。调查前两周儿童呼吸系统疾病的患病率为16.87％,腹泻患病率为14.46％。2岁以下儿童辅食添加率分别是:谷类66.09％,乳类25.86％,蔬菜水果类61.49％,蛋类67.24％,禽畜肉类47.70％,鱼虾类30.46％,豆类24.71％。测定21名5岁以下儿童血红蛋白含量,贫血率21.33％。与1998年开鲁县监测结果比较,5岁以下儿童生长迟缓率无差异。低体重率,2000年高于1998年(P<0.01)。调查前两周,呼吸系统疾病患病率无差异。腹泻患病率2000年高于1998年(P<0.05)。 Kaeru County, Inner Mongolia is a poorer rural monitoring point for the national food and nutrition monitoring project. In order to collect continuous information on the nutritional status of children in different regions, a second on-site monitoring was conducted in July 2000 on 415 children under 5 and their households in Kailau County in accordance with the requirements of the national project team. Content includes: children under 5 years of age height, weight measurement and children growth and development-related factors in the questionnaire. The results of the survey showed that the rate of growth retardation (under-height) in children under 5 years of age was 13.25%. Low weight was 8.67%. The prevalence of respiratory diseases among children was 16.87% and the prevalence rate of diarrhea was 14.46% in the two weeks before the survey. The rate of complementary feeding for children under 2 years of age is 66.09% for cereals, 25.86% for milk, 61.49% for fruits and vegetables, 67.24% for eggs, 47.70% for meat of poultry, 30.46% for fish and shrimps, and 24.71% for beans. Determination of 21 children under 5 years of age hemoglobin content, anemia rate of 21.33%. Compared with the results of monitoring results in Ka Luli in 1998, there was no difference in the rate of growth retardation among children under 5 years of age. The rate of low birth weight was higher in 2000 than in 1998 (P <0.01). Two weeks before the survey, there was no difference in the prevalence of respiratory diseases. The prevalence of diarrhea was higher in 2000 than in 1998 (P <0.05).