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采用一种聚羧酸减水剂对酸性含钒溶液进行除硅。探讨了硅在酸性溶液体系中的存在形式、聚羧酸减水剂的结构组成及其在酸性条件下除硅的作用机制,研究了聚羧酸减水剂用量、反应温度和沉淀时间等对酸性含钒溶液中硅去除效果的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)对除硅渣进行了分析表征。结果表明:聚羧酸减水剂对于酸性含钒溶液体系中杂质硅的去除具有良好效果,在p H值为2.8~3.2,减水剂用量0.5%,反应温度60℃,反应时间30 min,沉淀时间4 h时,含钒溶液中硅的去除率可达92%以上,钒的损失率小于0.3%,且除硅渣容易过滤和洗涤,渣量小,成分单一,易于处理。对于酸性溶液体系,聚羧酸减水剂是一种实用有效的除硅剂,工艺操作简单,成本低廉,具有较大的工业应用前景。
A polycarboxylate water reducer is used to remove acid from vanadium-containing solutions. The existence form of silicon in acid solution system, the structure and composition of polycarboxylate superplasticizer and the mechanism of silicon removal under acidic conditions were discussed. The effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer dosage, reaction temperature and precipitation time on Acid solution containing vanadium in the removal of silicon effect, the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) on the removal of silicon residue was characterized. The results showed that polycarboxylate superplasticizer had good effect on the removal of impurity silicon in acidic vanadium solution system. The optimum conditions were as follows: p H value was 2.8-3.2, superplasticizer dosage was 0.5%, reaction temperature was 60 ℃, reaction time was 30 min, When the precipitation time is 4 h, the removal rate of silicon in the vanadium-containing solution can reach over 92%, the loss rate of vanadium is less than 0.3%, and the silicon residue is easy to be filtered and washed, the residue is small, the composition is simple and the treatment is easy. For the acidic solution system, polycarboxylate superplasticizer is a practical and effective silicon removal agent, the process is simple, low cost, with greater industrial application prospects.